Aeroplane



f M I MMM,

Dec'. 27, 1927.

1,654,006 J. B. MacFARLAND AEROPLANE Filed Maron l?. 1925 s sheets-shea1 QQ www ` Dec. 27, 1927. 1,654,006

J. B. MHGFARLAND AEROPLANE vF'ilecl March 17. 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 J.B. MacFARLAND AEROPLANE:

Filed March 1'?. 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 clilfwmfhfz; 5mm

attenua* xieiiiied Wee UNiTED STATES "P T E N T `O FFI iioziiiy noveieiiiiiioe ifi'om iiie eiziiiioszpiieife, whereby the o-eifoipienei'xifijr he owed to fi., in ieyoiiieoi isi io ii'ovide i i'itifoiiiiileiieiieo of pianos; which iii'e eiiiii'iiiiio iii-:ioni:

` :mee eo iiiiii, tile diiviiiig iioii'ei ilieifeoif :im iiio viii-'leded' `wiii :iiid the liiiiciiiiie ifeodiij; Caused io osifeiid oi' be`iiifopeilod aiu-laid i `i'osui; of Line iimiiipw Via-iioli of eoid pionle.

A. ei'iiii iiiiiiiei'object je io pi'oji'ide Iii iiiiii- ,Chine which iscompile-i',g iiig'iib `and diiiiiiiie. With :the fiiiove Iigeiiei'eii.objects `iii View, mid oiiieis that will lneooiiie nippeiieiit `iis tileiiziiiiire oi ijiie invention is ifieiii'eif imdoi'- fio Stood, `itiieoziiiie ooiisiis is iii iziie novel ioi'iio,

Combination mid ziiifzingigeiiieiit of poi'i'e iieifeiiia-i'iei ii'ioi'eifiiiifi7 ifieseiriiied, Shown iii the iiocoiiipeiiyiiig;f'ii'mviiiggf-i `eind eiziiiiiod. Viii. the dii'iiwiiiojs, iiiieieiiiiii iei'oijelice iriigiiocieiff-i indisiiie oom" Lioiidiiig portsii-ilifoiighoiit the Seieiini `iii We,

ii'iiggjiii'e i i` iop pino View oi" mi zieioplane eoiieti'ucied 'iiiuceoiiiiiiiee iiiii'iii iii@ `pi'eieiii' iiiveiiiioii.

iiiiggiiio E?, ie :i eide eievziiiioiiiilv view thereof.

Figui@ Si is im eiiifiiged iifi'ogiiieiitili'y eeeiiioii iiiiieiisiiii'ifitoiil'iziiiy upon iiiie of' ifigl". i.

"ieiiei'i'iiiig moi-e iii ifioiiiii 'Eo die diiiiiiiigge, #die pieseiiiziiweiiiioii iiieiiiiiee en oioiiiigriieii iiiziiii if 'ginie oi iiodyConsisting; of' :iii iiilipeif .ireci'oiigiiizi' i'igigid ri'ifeiiie 3:ii'id :i ioii'ei' oi.' heee iifziiiie i3 oi? siiiiii'lfii foi-iii,wiiioii ili'ziiiiee i'iie rigidly connected iii spzioed siipei-imn posedifeiiiiion by iiieoiis oif eoiiiei' poets T iiiid intermediate eidepoete 3 iis iriest Shown iii piro* 'if miie, oid' iii iid mi:

iii, Viennese i :oid l. iiiof'es Si :ire eiiiiiiof' between iiieiifziiiiei ii :iiid (i mid the poi ol" Wiiiieigiiii'iiiig iii]oi'diiiiiiy ssiiii'iiiiiii iio which iiiio ii'iocfiiiiie iiiziif iiiiiiiiierimfi odiiie iii iii! i. iiiiiifiiiie :semis iii :iiid li iiooifbe provided iii iilo 'ioiriifoi'd @iid iioifiioii of iziio iioiii'io`iii iziiideiii reiziiioii i'oiA :iccoii'ii'iiodiiiiiigz `theoiieizii'oi oi: ifiie iiificiiiiie :iiid :i pos-*v f-ieiigjeii undSiiiiiiiiiiif 'pivoted ('eiiiiiziiij i'ohiiiio iefii end of idwi'iifiiii 'ii'ziiiie ie i siiiiiidiie ifm olijf foi' oiiiiiigl'iiigiziie eoiii'sie oi" i'i'oioi oiif `the ioiioiiiiie. Foi' oiioieiviiip;iiio iiiddei' 142, rigid ieiieifz: '13 iiiiijr be iii'oifided iiiioiii'iie siamo so :ie izo project `iiiiiei'ziiiy tiieifel'ioiiiSiiggiiiiijif i'oiiiwiiidiy oi" the `iiivoi oi? smid i'iidden fiedeiieii of time@ ieifei'e ie connected to :i iofiiiiiie iiieiniiiei oi.'eriiiie 111,-, the ioi'wiiid ends oi ifi'iiieii oiiiiiee :iio:iiiijfieiied io opino- Siiie ends of :i ,iioiioiiiioiiy Sii'iiifviiiiiAfoot ievoi l5 Wiiioii ie iiioiiiiiod iiiiieiriiiedioie its ends Upon.si Veiii :iii pivot if iii :iront olf the opeifoioo Sedia l0. Tiie momfifiii'ie may be `provided with euijiiioiftiiifg wheels 1 7 i'oif fii-`C11diotiiiig ioiidiofi; `es 1e weii known in the mit.

The machine shown is provided with two Series oi "forward moineieifaiziiigi; sind pro peiling devices, (me oi? wiiioii iiiziiii seriesof' eievntiiiiy; mid iiifopeiiing' devieoe is io- Ciied iii; eoeii sideof the lippe]- roiiiziifd poi'- ioii of iiie `moin freine, `:iiid :ieiiigie eei'ieeY of enififliei ieoi :ii'lxiiifliy devoting; and pilo-`peiling; devices: `iomiited eeiitioiiy olf the ifoo'r upper `poiiioiiof the moin freine. lFoi' ook@ o-E Cie:iiiiesfieR i'iie two Soi-ies oiImoin elevating; mid pifoiieiiiiif; deviene :iie desigiiii'od by iiiieifeioieiiee ffiiiii'iio'ei' 18B. While the i'eoil iiiixiiiiiijii seriesoi eievoi'iiis: .find propoiiiiig device@ ie iigeiioiziiiy indi mined byiiiie reference Choi-richel: if). 'The iiieeiioiiiisim oif iiffiirioiieei'ii elevating mid iii'opoiiiiigf deviueo iroiisiielie ogll iii'iifmw ifm-i1 wiiizii'ii Si() iiiiviiiig eiioii emi iii'ojm'iiinfl .fiihiiiiiol dig-doorn iiofiioiid olio eide oi the 'iiiiliitioiiysicw'iuiiigiii'i `iipoii `noch Sido iin-Woof :i iiliii-iiisii'i'` E20iifjioii eziiiii of' ii'iiii'i'i io i'i; diivr iiioimi'id :i imii oifiii'iiiood iiziviiio i'iidii-:ii :iiiiiifi 'i i'liiiiio ed iiieiiiiii--ilisiiiziiii' qipiicoii i'eiiiliii'io. Ii' Wiii i'iilif; iieL-:eoii tiiiiiz mieli @limiting :md iliiopeiiiiig device iiieiiidiiii :iiliiiii oi iiieiiiiiei'o ifeiioiiiiiie iif'iiii iziieii'eiiii-a-:iiiiifigi 52,0% iiiid the oiiiei? ends; oi `the iiijii'ie oifiiieeo iiieiiibei's fii'i'iee si stub `siiosii; iifiiich firejoiiifiiii-led iii enit-able i bearings provi-ded in the outer ends ofthe that also passes around the sprocket wheel 24 Y armsf2l. ,1,

A variable speed motor, such as an internal combustion engine 23 ismounted upon the base frame 6 in front of the drivers seat l and has asprocket wheel 24 secured upon its drive shaft. The shaft of the forwardmain elevating and propelling devices are integrally connected asclearly shown in vFigure 1, and fixed upon the connection of theseshafts is a sprocket wheel around Which passes an endless sprocket chain26 of the motor, whereby, upon operation of the motor, the shafts 2() ofthe forward main 4.elevating and propelling devices, are rotated. Itwill thus be seen that the shafts and frames of the two forwardmainelevatf ing and propelling devices will be simultaneously driven at acorresponding speed.

Secured upon the stub shafts 22 are the Velevating and propelling`planes, each of which consists of a pair of end members 27 each mountedupon a stub shaft 22 and rig- I lidly connected in spaced parallelVrelation by means of front and rear transversely eX- tending framecar-members 2S, the upper edges of the end members 27 being of upwardlybowed yor curved form. The tops of these plane frames are covered by areticulate fabric or vscreenv covering 29 which overlies a vplurality ofuniformly spaced rods or wires 30 connecting the upper edge portions ofthe end members 27. The rods 30 support fiaps' 3l of silk or othersuitable fabric, and these iaps are so proportioned as to swing againstthe wires 30and lap one anj other `when the plane is moving downwardlyor in one direction.; while, when said plane is moving upwardly or inanother direction.

' the VHaps will assume an open or vertical po- "and the cranks of eachseries tion of the adjacent sub-shaft 20.

tion and. them.

' The inner onesof the stub shafts-22 of each plane havea crank 324rigid therewith, of elevating and vpropelling planes are pivotally.engaged in the'outer ends of thel rigid arms 33 of a vspider whichembodies a central eccentric ring 34 rotatably mounted Von an eccentricdisk 35 journaled upon t-he adjacent por- With theeccentric disc 35 andgear 4 0 which is rigidlysecured thereto mounted upon the shaft tofreely7 rotate thereabout, it willk be readily understood that uponsecuring the control chain 4l, the eccentric disc will be held in anydesired position vso that when the arms 2l are rotated, the ring 34 willbe caused to` rotateV the cranks 32 to maintain them in .parallelrelation at all times, as shown in Figure 3. Braces 36 connect the outerend portions of the arms or spokes 33.

The transmission of rotation to the rear auxiliary series of elevatingand propellingl permit-*air to pass freely between relation of theelevatingl and planes may be accomplished hy any suitable gearing suchas a longitudinal shaft 15T having its forward end operatively connectedby a bevel gearing 3S to the main sha tt 2U operating the niainelevating and propellingr devices, and having its rear end operativelyconnected to the shaft 20 of the auxilia elevating and propellingvdevice by incans of a bevel gearing Obviously, a variable speed gearingmay be interposed between the gcarings 38 and 39 in order to vary thespeed of rotation of the auxiliary elevating and propelling` device inrelation to that of the main elevating and proi'iclling devices. 'lhislatter arrangement would facilitate changing of the course of theaeroplane vertically for expediting ascension or descension.

vWhen the parts are normally disposed so that the elevating planes areconstantly maintained parallel to the base frame 6, the aeroplane may becaused to substantially rise or descend in a vertical path, or may hecaused to substantially hover over aA given point.

As shown clearly in Figures l, 2 and 3 the eccentric disk 35 of each ofthe main elevating and propelling devices is provided with a rigidsprocket wheel 4:0. In other words, a` sprocket 40 is rigid with theeccentric disk 35 of each main elevating and propelling device, andpassing around each sprocket 40 is an endless chain 4l which also passesaround another sprocket wheel 42 suitably journaled at the adjacent sideof the main frame, of the machine, each sprocket 42 being provided withan operating shaft havingr a crank arm or handle 43 secured thereon. Itis thus apparent that by swinging the handles i3 the sprocket wheels4t() may he rotated for shifting the eccentric disks 35 ot the niainelevating and propelling devices about the subshafts 20 of the latter,whereby the angular propelling planes may be changed in regard to a horiZontal plane or the base traine (i. ln other words, the rotation of theeccentric disk 35 of each propellingand elevating device results inshifting of the elevating and propelling planes from their normalposition wherein they are parallel to each other and to the base frame6, to a position wherein thel same are angularly related to the lat-ter.Obviously. by thus shifting the planes. they may be positioned so thattheir inipelling force will be exerted in dillercnt directions wherebythe planes niay be utilized either to cause direct ascension of theaeroplane ordirect forward movement thereof, whih` turther adjustmentsot the planes may he .had for varying` the action of the latter that thesaine will simultaneously act to cause the, aeroplane to ascend andinove forward, the angle or degree of inclination of the path ofascension being variable at will. By permitting independent adjustmentoi' the having each end projecting beyond one side ofsaid frame,substantially setting up a pair .of vsub-shafts, one on each side of theframe, a pair'of spider members Vmounted upon each sub-shaft, oneadjacent each end of the same, each spider including a plurality ofradially extending arms, a stub shaft mounted in the end of each arm ofeach pair of spider members, a plane member positioned between thearmsvof eac-h pair of spider members and Vmounted at the ends upon theadjacent stub shafts, acrank member formed upon the inner ones of thestub shafts, an eccentric body loosely journaled on each sub-.shaftadjacent the inner end thereof, an eccentric ring surroundingr eachbody, radially extending arms carried by each ring, each engaging one ofsaid cranks at its outer end, manually controlled means for roscillatingeach eccentric to cause the oscillation of said cranks and plane membersfor changing the operating position of the planes, and power means fortransmitting rotary motion to the subshafts. I

y 4. An aeroplane of the character described, comprising a main frame, arevoluble main power Shaft extending through and having each endprojecting beyond one side of the frame, substantially setting up a pairof sub-shafts, one on each side of the frame,

a. pair of spider members mounted upon each sub-shaft one adjacent eachend olf the same and having a plurality of radial] f directed arms, astub shalt mounted in the end of each arm of each pair ot spidermembers, a plane member positioned between the arms of each pair otspider members and mounted at the ends upon the adjacent stub shafts, acrank member formed upon the inner ones of the stub shafts, an eccentricbody loosely mounted on each sub-shaft adjacent the inner end of thesame, an eccentric ring, surrounding each body, radially extending armscarried by each ring each engaging one of said cranks at its outer end,a sprocket Wheel fixed to each eccentric body concentric With the shaftsupporting the same, a sprocket Wheel mounted upon the frame adjacenteach eccentric body carried Wheel, sprocket chains connecting each bodycarried Wheel with an adjacent sprocket Wheel, a crank membercontrollinfr each frame carried sprocket Wheel for shifting through themedium of the eccentric bodies, the eccentric rings, arms and crankmembers, the Working positions of said planes, and power means fortransmitting rotary motion to said sub-shafts.

In testimony whereof I aix my signature.

JOHN B. MAGFARLAND.

